Medical expenses refer to the costs associated with healthcare services, treatments, medications, and supplies that individuals incur to maintain or improve their health. This research area involves studying the factors that influence medical expenses, such as insurance coverage, healthcare policies, healthcare utilization patterns, and individual characteristics. Researchers may also explore ways to reduce medical expenses, improve access to affordable healthcare, and address disparities in healthcare spending. Understanding medical expenses is important for policymakers, healthcare providers, and individuals to make informed decisions about healthcare financing and delivery.